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 A pyrheliometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the direct solar
irradiance, or the amount of solar radiation received at the Earth's surface
from the sun's direct beam. It is designed to measure the total amount of solar
radiation within a specific wavelength range, typically from 0.3 to 3
micrometers.
The instrument consists of a thermopile detector that is enclosed in a glass
dome. The thermopile measures the temperature difference between two surfaces,
one of which is exposed to the sun's radiation, while the other is kept at a
constant temperature. The temperature difference is proportional to the amount
of solar radiation received by the exposed surface.
Pyrheliometers are widely used in meteorology, climatology, solar energy
research, and other fields where precise measurements of solar radiation are
required. They are typically calibrated against a reference instrument and
require regular maintenance to ensure accurate measurements.
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