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Scandal in the Semiconductor Industry?

Scandal in the Semiconductor Industry? (AI research) - RF CafeOne of Artificial Intelligence's (AI's) most celebrated capabilities is being its able to assimilate and analyze massive amounts of data to extract patterns and correlations (keeping in mind that correlation does not imply causation). In this spirit of investigation, I tasked ChatGPT (OpenAI), Perplexity (Perplexity AI), Grok (XAI), and GabAI (Gab) to consider publicly available information on current events in the semiconductor industry and look for activity that might appear scandalous in nature. Although established comprehensive databases typically date back to 2003 or 2004, many modern AI engines can now access very recent online news articles.

Specifically, I queried, "Using your massive AI powers, can you determine whether there are any 'undiscovered' scandals in the semiconductor manufacturing and distribution realm that appear likely based on available information? Please avoid using specific names, in order to not invite legal problems. Citing sources will be helpful."

Another somewhat related scheme is labor market manipulation to work around immigration and guest worker laws. At least in the U.S., there have been many well-publicized instances of imported engineers, scientists, financiers, managers, and professors displacing indigenous employees for the sake of paying lower wages. Often, American workers are tasked with training the people targeted to replace them.

Not surprisingly, one of the major common points among the AI assessments is chicanery among supply distributors, which includes the rebranding of parts, gray markets, selling defective parts, and skirting multinational import/export rules by creating ghost entities for interfacing with governmental agencies.

Here are their exact responses, edited in some places for clarity and/or brevity and/or removal of potentially legally actionable information. I did not attempt to fact-check, because the references are intentionally vague.

ChatGPT (OpenAI):

The semiconductor industry operates under intense pressure, geopolitical stakes, and extreme complexity, creating fertile ground for systemic issues that remain obscured from public view. Based on known pressure points and historical patterns, here is a deeper analysis of plausible, yet potentially undiscovered, scandals.

  1. The Sanctions Evasion Ecosystem
    This isn't about a single rogue distributor; it's a sophisticated, multi-layered system. The most likely undisclosed scandal involves a network of seemingly legitimate trading companies in intermediary jurisdictions (e.g., certain Middle Eastern, CIS, or Southeast Asian hubs) that are fronts for state intelligence agencies or sanctioned entities. These companies employ a playbook of techniques:
    1. Product Obfuscation: High-performance FPGAs or GPUs are deliberately misdeclared on shipping manifests as lower-grade consumer electronics or industrial equipment to bypass automated customs screening.
    2. Circular Shipping: Components are shipped to a "soft" jurisdiction, where they are repackaged, relabeled, and provided with new, falsified certificates of origin before being forwarded to their final, prohibited destination.
    3. The "Ghost Shift" Problem: A fab or OSAT in a permissive country could be running unofficial production lines after hours, producing chips for a sanctioned end-user, entirely off the books. The output is physically diverted before it ever enters the company's official logistics and accounting systems. The scandal would be the complicity of mid-to-high-level management who are paid handsomely to look the other way and falsify yield reports.
  2. The Forced Labor Supply Chain "Black Box"
    While focus is on polysilicon, the scandal runs deeper into the material science level. The undisclosed issue is the near-total lack of visibility into the mining and primary processing of critical raw materials.
    1. Upstream Opaqueness: The quartz sand, specialty metals, and rare earth elements essential for substrates, sputtering targets, and etchants are predominantly sourced from geographies with high-risk labor profiles. The supply chain is so convoluted - involving multiple traders, processors, and alloyers - that even well-intentioned manufacturers cannot trace the provenance of the raw material in their finished wafers.
    2. The "Certified Clean" Fallacy: A major scandal waiting to happen is the revelation that an industry-wide certification for "clean" materials was based on forged audits and compromised third-party verifiers. Companies may be relying on paperwork audits that are easily gamed by suppliers, providing a false sense of security while the tainted supply chain continues uninterrupted.
  3. The Financial Engineering of "Strategic" Capex
    With governments pouring unprecedented subsidies into fab construction, the incentives for financial malfeasance are enormous.
    1. Cost-Shifting and Overruns: A likely scandal involves a major foundry intentionally underbidding project costs to win grants and tax incentives, knowing that once construction is underway and politically irreversible, they can go back to the government threatening project cancellation unless they receive bailouts for "unforeseen" cost overruns. The true costs were foreseeable but hidden.
    2. Double-Dipping and Phantom Jobs: A company could be receiving simultaneous subsidies from multiple programs (federal, state, local) for the same capital expenditure, a clear violation of grant terms. Furthermore, the highly automated nature of modern fabs means the promised job creation numbers are inflated. The scandal would be the use of creative accounting to count temporary construction jobs, external contractors, and shifted employees as "new" jobs to meet subsidy milestones.
  4. The Environmental Reporting Gap
    The gap between reported emissions and atmospheric measurements suggests systemic underreporting.
    1. Abatement Theater: The most probable scandal is that abatement systems for high-GWP gases like NF3 and SF6 are far less reliable than reported. To maintain uptime and avoid costly shutdowns, fabs might be bypassing abatement systems during peak production or maintenance cycles, directly venting gases. The internal metrics are doctored to show near-perfect abatement efficiency.
    2. The Novel PFAS Problem: Fabs are likely generating novel, unregulated PFAS compounds in their wastewater through various processes. Because these compounds are not yet on regulatory lists, they are not monitored or reported. The scandal would be the discovery that these unknown PFAS compounds, legally discharged, are highly persistent and bio-accumulative, creating a significant environmental liability that companies knew about but did not disclose.
  5. The Gray Market "Blending" Scheme
    During periods of acute shortage, the temptation to mix counterfeit or remarked components with genuine ones becomes high.
    1. The Distributor Shell Game: An authorized distributor, facing impossible demand from high-reliability clients (aerospace, medical), might source components from unauthorized brokers to fulfill orders. They comingle these parts of unknown origin with real ones. When failures occur, they blame the OEM or the user's application. The fraud is in the deliberate obscuring of the chain of custody and the falsification of lot traceability data.
    2. The "Recycled" E-Waste Pipeline: A sophisticated operation could be extracting chips from e-waste, cleaning and re-balling them, and using laser etching to remark them as new or as higher-grade components. These parts then enter the supply chain through complicit brokers. The scandal would be the discovery that critical infrastructure - from medical devices to power grid systems - contains these unreliable recycled components.

In essence, the most significant undiscovered scandals are not one-off events but embedded, systemic practices. They exploit the gaps between: national jurisdictions (sanctions), supply chain tiers (labor), corporate and government oversight (subsidies), public reporting and physical reality (environment), and extreme market pressure and integrity (counterfeits). The truth is often buried in the interstices of these complex systems. 

Perplexity (privately held):

By anchoring this analysis in recent, verifiable news events from 2024-2025, we can move from speculation to a data-driven assessment of where the next major scandals are most likely to erupt. The current geopolitical landscape is actively creating the conditions for these revelations. Here is a deeper dive based on actual recent events:

  1. The Militarization of Commercial AI Chips: A Concluded Scandal Revealing a Larger System
    1. Recent Event: The U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) has significantly expanded its export controls on advanced AI chips and chipmaking equipment to China. This is not a static policy but a continuous game of cat-and-mouse. Major manufacturers have created slightly degraded versions of their chips (e.g., Nvidia's H20, L20, and L2) specifically to skirt the performance thresholds set by U.S. regulations.
    2. The Brewing Scandal: The next phase of this scandal won't be about the chips themselves, but about their diverted end-use. Investigative reports from entities like Reuters and The Bureau of Investigative Journalism have already documented how Western electronics are being recovered from Russian battlefield equipment in Ukraine. The logical and imminent scandal is the exposure of a sophisticated smuggling network, likely operating through third countries like the United Arab Emirates, Vietnam, or entities in Central Asia, that is successfully funneling these "commercial" AI chips directly to:
      1. Chinese Military-Civil Fusion (MCF) ** programs:** Specifically, to national AI research labs and aerospace/defense contractors that are explicitly part of the People's Liberation Army's modernization efforts.
      2. Russian Weapons Manufacturers: For use in advanced guidance systems for drones, missiles, and AI-enabled battlefield management systems.
    3. Why It's Likely: The financial incentive is astronomical, and the demand is a matter of national priority for these countries. The recent expansion of sanctions means the black market value of an H100 chip is now multiples of its list price. A future scandal will reveal the specific shipping routes, shell companies, and complicit financial institutions enabling this technological transfer.
  2. The "De-Americanized" Supply Chain: A Manufacturing Scandal in the Making
    1. Recent Event: In response to U.S. sanctions, China has invested hundreds of billions of dollars into creating a fully self-sufficient semiconductor supply chain. This includes domestic champions like SMIC producing 7nm chips and Huawei building its own chip design tools (EDA) and memory production.
    2. The Brewing Scandal: The scandal will erupt when forensic tear-downs and internal whistleblowers prove that this "de-Americanized" supply chain is fundamentally built on systematic, large-scale Intellectual Property (IP) theft. This goes beyond individual cases and points to a state-coordinated strategy.
      1. Equipment Reverse-Engineering: China's leading domestic semiconductor equipment manufacturers (e.g., AMEC, Naura) will be shown to have produced tools that are not just inspired by, but are direct mechanical and software clones of American, Dutch, and Japanese equipment from companies like Applied Materials, ASML, and Tokyo Electron. The evidence will be in the proprietary code, diagnostic routines, and component design.
      2. Process Node Espionage: The successful yields at advanced nodes (7nm and beyond) by Chinese foundries will be directly linked to stolen process recipes, chemical formulae for advanced photoresists and CMP slurries, and quality control metrics lifted from TSMC and Samsung.
    3. Why It's Likely: The timeline is too compressed for purely organic innovation. The U.S. Department of Justice has a long history of prosecuting such cases (e.g., the case against SMIC and Taiwan's TSMC in the 2000s). The current technological leap, achieved under extreme external pressure, is a prime indicator that old practices have been resumed on a massive scale. A major patent infringement lawsuit or a DOJ indictment will break this story open.
  3. The Dirty Foundation: Ethical Scandals in the Raw Material Supply Chain
    1. Recent Event: The enforcement of the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (UFLPA) has led to the blockage of billions of dollars worth of solar panels and electronics at U.S. ports. This focuses on polysilicon from the Xinjiang region, where China stands accused of severe human rights abuses.
    2. The Brewing Scandal: The current enforcement is largely on the solar industry. The imminent scandal will be the exposure of the semiconductor industry's identical dependency on these same tainted materials.
      1. Electronic-Grade Polysilicon: The polysilicon used for solar panels (solar-grade) and computer chips (electronic-grade) often comes from the same production facilities and companies in Xinjiang. The purification process is more stringent for electronics, but the source material is the same.
      2. Supply Chain Obfuscation: Chip companies may claim they don't source directly from Xinjiang, but their suppliers of wafers or raw polysilicon likely do. A deep supply chain audit, compelled by new legislation or shareholder activism, will reveal that the entire industry is built on a foundation of forced labor, with companies using complex supply chains to hide this fact.
    3. Why It's Likely: The precedent is set with solar. Investigative NGOs and journalists are already turning their attention to electronics. The regulatory pressure is mounting, and the legal framework (UFLPA) is already in place. It is only a matter of time before a major chipmaker is specifically named and has its shipments detained, triggering a stock crash and a massive reputational crisis.
  4. The Environmental Catastrophe: A Looming Liability Scandal
    1. Recent Event: The global chipmaking boom, driven by AI demand and government subsidies like the U.S. CHIPS Act, is leading to a massive expansion of fabrication plants (fabs). These fabs are incredibly resource-intensive, requiring millions of gallons of ultra-pure water and using large quantities of toxic chemicals.
    2. The Brewing Scandal: A major environmental disaster is imminent. We should expect one of the following:
      1. A Major Chemical Spill: A failure at a fab in East Asia or the Southwestern U.S. could lead to PFAS ("forever chemicals"), solvents, and acids leaching into the local aquifer, rendering water supplies undrinkable for a large population.
      2. Water Theft/Overuse: During a severe drought (a common occurrence in chip hubs like Taiwan and Arizona), a major manufacturer will be exposed for having secretly exceeded its water allotment through off-book wells or political deals, exacerbating a water crisis for local residents and farmers.
  5. Why It's Likely: The industry's growth is on a collision course with climate change and resource scarcity. The regulatory oversight on these new, rapidly constructed mega-fabs may not be keeping pace. The first company to be caught in such a scandal will face billions in liability and a permanent stain on its brand.

In summary, the next semiconductor scandals are already visible in the trajectory of current events. They will be less about financial fraud and more about geopolitical defiance, systemic IP theft, human rights violations in the supply chain, and environmental negligence. The catalysts will be whistleblowers, forensic investigations, and the inevitable failure of attempts to hide these vast, systemic practices.

Grok (XAI):

Based on available information, business patterns, and historical precedents, there is a high likelihood of several classes of "undiscovered" or "not-yet-public" scandals within the semiconductor realm. Here is a breakdown of the most probable categories, the logic behind them, and potential sources for further investigation.

  1. Critical Mineral Supply Chain Corruption and Weaponization
    1. Likely Scandal: The sourcing of ultra-pure elements like silicon, gallium, germanium, and rare earths is fraught with opportunities for malfeasance. A likely scandal involves a major manufacturer or national stockpiling agency knowingly purchasing these materials from intermediary companies that are directly or indirectly controlled by hostile foreign state actors. This would effectively mean a nation is funding its own strategic competitor and potential adversary.
    2. Basis in Available Information:
      1. Source: Reports from Reuters and The Financial Times have extensively documented China's dominance in the processing of critical minerals (e.g., >80% of gallium and germanium).
      2. Source: U.S. Government reports, including from the Department of Defense and Department of Energy, have repeatedly warned about the vulnerability of these supply chains and the potential for them to be weaponized, as seen with past export controls.
      3. Predictive Logic: When a single point of failure exists in a critical supply chain, and that point is controlled by a geopolitical rival, it creates an immense incentive for corruption. Middlemen will emerge to obfuscate the origin of materials, and companies desperate for supply may willfully ignore due diligence ("willful blindness").
    3. Potential Manifestation: A congressional investigation reveals that a top-five chipmaker received materials for its most advanced fabs from a shell corporation ultimately owned by an entity on a U.S. sanctions list.
  2. Subsidy Fraud in National "Chip Acts"
    1. Likely Scandal: The massive influx of government subsidies (e.g., the U.S. CHIPS Act, EU's Chips Act) creates a target-rich environment for fraud. A probable scandal involves a company or consortium overstating its capital expenditure (CapEx), misrepresenting its technological capabilities to qualify for funds, or funneling grant money into stock buybacks or executive compensation rather than the intended fabrication capacity build-out.
    2. Basis in Available Information:
      1. Source: Reporting from Bloomberg and The Wall Street Journal has already highlighted tensions between governments and chip companies over the strict conditions attached to funding, including profit-sharing and limitations on expansion in certain foreign countries.
      2. Historical Precedent: The Solyndra scandal during the green energy push is a direct parallel. Large government grants with complex requirements and intense pressure to show results create perverse incentives.
      3. Predictive Logic: The sheer scale of the money ($52B in the U.S. alone) and the complexity of the industry make oversight difficult. It is statistically inevitable that some actors will exploit this gap.
    3. Potential Manifestation: An auditor general's report finds that a company receiving billions in grants has consistently failed to meet its job creation and fab output milestones, with funds being diverted to shore up other, unrelated parts of its failing business.
  3. Intellectual Property Theft and "Second-Shifting" at Joint Ventures
    1. Likely Scandal: To access certain markets (notably China), foreign chipmakers are often required to form joint ventures with local partners. A highly probable scandal involves a company discovering that its "partner" has been running a clandestine "second shift" at the jointly owned fab. On this unauthorized shift, they are using the stolen proprietary technology and process recipes to manufacture chips for themselves or other competitors, completely bypassing the licensing and royalty agreements.
    2. Basis in Available Information:
      1. Source: The U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) reports and findings from the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission have for years detailed systematic IP theft as a core component of Chinese industrial policy.
      2. Source: Court cases, such as those involving Micron Technology and its Chinese competitors, have laid out detailed allegations of IP theft.
      3. Predictive Logic: The requirement for joint ventures creates the perfect legal and physical framework for this type of theft. The incentive for the local partner is enormous: skip years of R&D and billions in investment by simply copying what's already being built on-site.
    3. Potential Manifestation: A whistleblower from within the joint venture provides internal production logs and shipping manifests showing a 30% higher output than is officially reported to the foreign partner, with the excess product being sold under a different brand.
  4. Environmental and Labor Violations Masked as National Security
    1. Likely Scandal: The breakneck speed of fab construction, fueled by national security urgency, leads to the systematic bypassing of environmental regulations (e.g., chemical disposal, water usage) and labor laws (e.g., visa abuses for specialized construction workers, unsafe working conditions). Regulatory agencies are pressured to "look the other way" in the name of geopolitical competition.
    2. Basis in Available Information:
      1. Source: Local reporting in Arizona (The Arizona Republic) and Ohio (The Columbus Dispatch) has documented concerns and conflicts over the immense water consumption of new chip fabs in drought-stricken areas and the strain on local infrastructure.
      2. Predictive Logic: When a project is labeled as "critical to national security," the standard rules often get expedited or waived. This creates an environment where contractors cut corners, knowing that oversight will be lax. The recent push to quickly onshore production amplifies this risk exponentially.
    3. Potential Manifestation: A major chemical spill from a new fab contaminates a local aquifer, and an investigation reveals that the company was granted multiple waivers from environmental review and that warning signs were ignored by officials afraid of slowing down the project.

In conclusion, the semiconductor industry's current state - sitting at the nexus of trillions of dollars, intense geopolitical rivalry, and complex global supply chains - makes it a prime candidate for significant scandals. The most likely ones will not be simple accidents, but rather the result of systemic incentives for corruption, espionage, and fraud that are currently being baked into the system. The available information doesn't point to a single smoking gun, but rather a map of the powder kegs.

GabAI (Gab):

Analyzing publicly available information, industry patterns, and regulatory filings can reveal several high-probability areas where significant, yet undisclosed, scandals are likely festering within the semiconductor manufacturing and distribution ecosystem. The combination of extreme geopolitical pressure, massive capital flows, and the industry's critical role in national security creates a perfect environment for misconduct. Here is a case study analysis of likely scandals, based on available information and patterns.

Case Study: Probable Scandals in the Semiconductor Realm

Executive Summary: The semiconductor industry's strategic importance, coupled with intense pressure from the CHIPS Act and the technological decoupling from China, has created conditions ripe for several types of scandals. These likely involve the misappropriation of government funds, critical technology transfers to foreign adversaries, and systematic supply chain fraud.

  1. CHIPS Act Fund Misappropriation & "Grant Farming"
    1. The Likely Scandal: The disbursement of tens of billions of dollars in U.S. government subsidies through the CHIPS and Science Act is a prime target for waste, fraud, and abuse. A highly probable scandal involves major corporate recipients using creative accounting to shift grant money toward projects or overhead that were not the intended targets of the funding, a practice akin to "grant farming."
    2.  Supporting Evidence & Pattern Analysis:
      1. Historical Precedent: Large government grant programs, from green energy (Solyndra) to COVID-19 relief (PPP loans), have historically been plagued by fraud and mismanagement due to the pressure to disburse funds quickly.
      2.  style="list-style:disc" Reporting requirements for CHIPS Act funding, while existent, may lack the granular auditing necessary to track every dollar to its intended purpose. Companies could use funds for stock buybacks, executive bonuses, or to subsidize pre-planned projects in other countries, all while technically meeting job creation or fab construction milestones.
      3. Source: The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) has repeatedly issued warnings about the need for strong oversight of CHIPS Act funding to prevent misuse. Their reports highlight the inherent risks in such large-scale industrial policy.
  2. Covert Technology Transfer to China via Third Countries
    1. The Likely Scandal: Despite stringent U.S. export controls on advanced semiconductor technology (e.g., EUV lithography, advanced AI chips), a sophisticated network is likely facilitating the covert transfer of this technology to China. This wouldn't involve direct shipments from the U.S. or Netherlands to China, but rather through intermediary countries with weaker enforcement, such as certain Southeast Asian or Middle Eastern nations.
    2. Supporting Evidence & Pattern Analysis:
      1. Public Enforcement Actions: The U.S. Department of Justice and Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) have announced multiple cases in recent years where companies have been caught attempting to smuggle restricted chips or manufacturing equipment to Huawei and other Chinese entities via front companies in other countries.
      2. The "Know-Your-Customer" Blind Spot: Distribution companies face immense pressure to move product. A likely scandal involves mid-level distributors willfully ignoring obvious red flags about end-users, accepting fabricated documentation from intermediaries, and thus becoming a critical node in a technology diversion pipeline.
      3. Source: BIS's "Entity List" and public charging documents frequently detail these complex transshipment schemes, suggesting that the publicly known cases are only the tip of the iceberg.
  3. The "Authentic Counterfeit" Scandal in the Distribution Chain
    1. The Likely Scandal: A more insidious scandal than common counterfeiting involves the widespread distribution of " recycled" or " remarked" components sold as new. This is particularly likely for legacy chips (mature-node semiconductors) which are in chronic short supply but are critical for automotive, medical, and industrial systems. These parts are often harvested from e-waste, poorly refurbished, and then fraudulently sold into the supply chain with forged certification paperwork.
    2. Supporting Evidence & Pattern Analysis:
      1. Industry Reports: Organizations like ERAI Inc., which monitor the electronics supply chain for risk, consistently document a high volume of counterfeit and substandard parts entering the market, especially during periods of shortage.
      2. Economic Incentive: The price delta between a legitimate new component and a remarked one can be 500% or more. This creates a massive economic incentive for fraudulent activity. A major scandal is likely brewing where a supposedly reputable distributor is found to have a significant portion of its inventory contaminated with these fraudulent parts, which could lead to catastrophic failures in critical systems.
      3.  Source: U.S. Department of Defense investigations have repeatedly uncovered counterfeit electronics in its own supply chain, highlighting the vulnerability of even the most secure procurement systems.
  4. Collusion and Price-Fixing in the Mature Node Market
    1. The Likely Scandal: While much attention is on advanced chips, the market for mature-node semiconductors (used in cars, appliances, and defense systems) is highly consolidated among a few key players, primarily in Southeast Asia. There is a high probability of undisclosed collusion or price-fixing agreements to keep supply artificially tight and prices high, leveraging the cover of "market conditions" and "supply chain issues."
    2. Supporting Evidence & Pattern Analysis:
      1. Historical Precedent: The DRAM market has been the subject of multiple major international price-fixing scandals and lawsuits over the past two decades, resulting in billions of dollars in fines.
      2. Opaque Pricing: The lack of transparent pricing and the use of long-term contracts with confidentiality clauses make it difficult to detect collusion. The sustained, industry-wide high prices and allocation periods, even as some supply chain pressures have eased, are a red flag.
      3. Source: Antitrust investigations by the U.S. Department of Justice and the European Commission into various segments of the tech industry show a persistent pattern of anti-competitive behavior in highly concentrated markets.

Conclusion

The semiconductor industry is not merely a market; it is the central arena for 21st-century geopolitical and economic competition. The immense stakes - national security, economic supremacy, and technological dominance - create powerful incentives for bad actors to engage in fraud, espionage, and corruption. The scandals outlined above are not merely hypothetical; they are logical, near-inevitable consequences of the current environment. Based on available public records, historical patterns of misconduct in similar conditions, and the fundamental incentives at play, it is a matter of when, not if, these issues will surface in a major, public way. Vigilant oversight, robust enforcement, and extreme due diligence from companies within the supply chain are the only mitigants.

BTW, I needed to prompt the AI image generator more than 20 times before it rendered anything other than white European males as the bad guys. Here was my input prompt: create image representing fraud cheating deception stealing lying embezzlement underhanded espionage theft china asia japan korea vietnam singapore malaysia women thailand phillipines taiwan semiconductor memory money transistor microprocessor industry market business spy men integrated circuit payoff "shipping dock" microprocessors semiconductors "integrated circuits" electronics industry meeting.  My final selection showed no faces so nationality could not be discerned.


AI Competition: ChatGPT-Gemini-Grok 3, GabAI - RF CafeThis content was generated by primarily with the assistance of ChatGPT (OpenAI), and/or Gemini (Google), and/or Arya (GabAI), and/or Grok (x.AI), and/or DeepSeek artificial intelligence (AI) engines. Review was performed to help detect and correct any inaccuracies; however, you are encouraged to verify the information yourself if it will be used for critical applications. In all cases, multiple solicitations to the AI engine(s) was(were) used to assimilate final content. Images and external hyperlinks have also been added occasionally - especially on extensive treatises. Courts have ruled that AI-generated content is not subject to copyright restrictions, but since I modify them, everything here is protected by RF Cafe copyright. Many of the images are likewise generated and modified. Your use of this data implies an agreement to hold totally harmless Kirt Blattenberger, RF Cafe, and any and all of its assigns. Thank you. Here is Gab AI in an iFrame.

AI Technical Trustability Update

While working on an update to my RF Cafe Espresso Engineering Workbook project to add a couple calculators about FM sidebands (available soon). The good news is that AI provided excellent VBA code to generate a set of Bessel function plots. The bad news is when I asked for a table showing at which modulation indices sidebands 0 (carrier) through 5 vanish, none of the agents got it right. Some were really bad. The AI agents typically explain their reason and method correctly, then go on to produces bad results. Even after pointing out errors, subsequent results are still wrong. I do a lot of AI work and see this often, even with subscribing to professional versions. I ultimately generated the table myself. There is going to be a lot of inaccurate information out there based on unverified AI queries, so beware.

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