Coldest and Hottest Possible Absolute Temperatures

What are the coldest and hottest absolute temperatures possible according to theory? Answering the 'coldest' part of the question is objective and therefore easy: Absolute zero = 0 K = -273.15 °C = -459.67 °F. The 'hottest' part of the question, sometimes referred to as 'absolute hot,' is harder. Most people who deal with such things consider the highest possible temperature to be the Planck temperature = 1.416785(71)x10³² K. A lesser cited value is the Hagedorn temperature ≈ 2x10³² K. With a number that large, I tend to go with the admitted approximate number rather than then one that claims to have 7(9)-digit certainty. It makes the in-your-head math easier as well ;-)

Posted October 15, 2014

Innovative Power Products (IPP) CoolChips - RF Cafe Website

RF Cafe began life in 1996 as "RF Tools" in an AOL screen name web space totaling 2 MB. Its primary purpose was to provide me with ready access to commonly needed formulas and reference material while performing my work as an RF system and circuit design engineer. The World Wide Web (Internet) was largely an unknown entity at the time and bandwidth was a scarce commodity. Dial-up modems blazed along at 14.4 kbps while tying up your telephone line, and a lady's voice announced "You've Got Mail" when a new message arrived...