Morse Code

Morse code is a type of character encoding that transmits telegraphic information using rhythm. Morse code uses a standardized sequence of short and long elements to represent the letters, numerals, punctuation and special characters of a given message. The short and long elements can be formed by sounds, marks, or pulses, in on off keying and are commonly known as "dots" and "dashes" or "dits" and "dahs". The speed of Morse code is measured in words per minute (WPM) or characters per minute, while fixed-length data forms of telecommunication transmission are usually measured in baud or bps. Morse Code Translator in RF Cafe's Espresso Engineering Workbook (free).

Originally created for Samuel F. B. Morse's electric telegraph in the early 1840s, Morse code was also extensively used for early radio communication beginning in the 1890s. For the first half of the twentieth century, the majority of high-speed international communication was conducted in Morse code, using telegraph lines, undersea cables, and radio circuits. However, the variable length of the Morse characters made it hard to adapt to automated circuits, so for most electronic communication it has been replaced by machine readable formats, such as Baudot code and ASCII. - Wikipedia   Here is the ITU-R M.1677-1 (10/2009) International Morse code document.

Dash (—) is 3x the length of a dot (•)     Space between letters is 3x length of a dot (•)

Space between words is 7x length of a dot (•)

These characters with diacritics are not recognized by the official ITU Morse code standard, but are sometimes used.