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Mac's Radio Service Shop: Barney Plays "Twenty Questions"

Mac's Radio Service Shop: Barney Plays "Twenty Questions", November 1948 Radio & Television News - RF Cafe"The Whistler and His Dog" is one of those tunes that you have probably heard dozens of times but never knew the title of it (video at bottom of page). It is mentioned in this installment of "Mac's Radio Service Shop" from a 1948 edition of Radio & Television News magazine. Barney is said to have been whistling it while replacing an output transformer on a receiver-recorder... a wire recorder at that. The "20 Questions" theme is from the game where the player attempts to guess the answer by asking a series of questions that narrows the possible results until only the correct one is left - aka deductive reasoning. BTW, I'll bet "The Syncopated Clock" is another tune you've heard many times but didn't know the title of it...

FCC Rules on Utility Pole Maintenance

FCC Rules on Utility Pole Maintenance - RF CafeHave you noticed how many wooden utility poles are bending under the load of communications cable weight they were never designed to withstand? Some are ridiculously burdened - and it is not "engineered deflection" for line tension changes. Power companies want to charge the communications companies for pole and/or cross bar replacement and/or upgrading, but the FCC just ruled that pole owners cannot charge the full cost of replacement. That financial deficit, of course, gets passed on to electric power customers. You wonder why your monthly bill has skyrocketed in the last few years? That is part of it -  along with us peoples subsidizing wind and solar generation, and paying for free Internet and cellphones to half the population (including Illlegals). Do you fell violated? I do.

Radio WittiQuiz

Radio Wittiquiz, December 1937 Radio-Craft - RF CafeRadio-Craft magazine solicited inputs from its readers for a series of "Radio WittiQuiz" questions and answers related to radio and electronic, with a stipulation being that there had to be some aspect of humor included. That meant that some of the multiple choice answer options needed to be inane. For most of the questions, the process of elimination is pretty easy, but a couple could cause some head scratching - especially if you are not really sure of the answer. This group starts at number 28, so obviously preceding issues had questions 1 through 27. At some point I will probably acquire them and post other Radio WittiQuizzes...

Aircraft Radio

Aircraft Radio, January 1950 Radio & Television News Article - RF CafeHaving never been a sports aficionado, I have not spent much money or time at baseball, football, or soccer fields, hockey rinks, bowling alleys, curling sheets, or basketball courts. When an air show comes to town, however, I'm there. I'll stand in line for 45 minutes to tour the inside of a DC-3, B-25, B-17, PBY-5, or just about anything that will admit me. What is particularly enjoyable is inspecting the radio equipment racks and bays. The sight and smell (I consider it an aroma) of the old UHF and VHF sets, recording equipment, power supplies, generators, synchros, and the associated wiring and connectors is something I never tire of experiencing. I always imagine the men who operated and maintained everything doing their assigned duties to keep those wonderful machines flying...

Chronistor Elapsed Time Indicator

Chronistor Elapsed Time Indicator, April 1958 Popular Electronics - RF CafeThe Chronistor, which appeared in a 1958 issue of Popular Electronics magazine, was a compact elapsed time indicator in the form of a common glass fuse. Powered by electroplating, it requires roughly 1 mA of DC current to migrate metal ions from anode to cathode via an electrolyte, resulting in visible cathode deposition along a glass-printed hour scale. Standard options included 500, 1000, or 2500-hour ranges, with specials (like a 1-year, 8760-hour version) from Bergen Laboratories. The article outlines a basic series circuit for AC line operation, comprising a half-wave rectifier, pilot lamp, and limiting resistor for the Chronostat...

Comics from "Young Men" Magazine

Comics, May 1956 Young Men • Hobbies • Aviation • Careers - Airplanes and RocketsIf you have kids, you'll probably appreciate these two comics that appeared in the May 1956 issue of Young Men • Hobbies • Aviation • Careers magazine. Young Men was a fairly short-lived publication, having existed for only a couple years around the 1956 timeframe. It was not affiliated with the Academy of Model Aeronautics (AMA), which had its own series of magazines. Howard McEntee, famed radio control pioneer, was on the staff, and Albert L. Lewis was editor. Unlike the other aviation magazines of the day, Young Men covered a broad range of activities and hobbies including model boating and cars, electronics, chemistry, physics, school, amateur magic tricks, shooting, and more.

Google Buys into Power Generation

Google Buys into Power Generation - RF Cafe"Google's parent Alphabet has reached a definitive agreement to acquire renewable energy developer Intersect Power for $4.75B, a transaction that signals a structural transformation in how Silicon Valley intends to power the AI era. By owning a power utility, Google can secure energy for its data centers directly. This acquisition marks a departure from the industry's decade-long standard of signing Power Purchase Agreements, where companies contract for energy from third-party developers. Instead, Google is taking ownership of a 3.6-GW pipeline of late-stage solar and wind projects, along with 3.1 GWh of battery storage..."

Heinrich Hertz Proves Existence of Radio Waves!

Heinrich Hertz Proves Existence of Radio Waves! 50 Years Ago, December 1937 Radio-Craft - RF CafeWell... it was 50 years ago referenced to the year this story was published in 1937. That makes it 138 years ago referenced to 2025. The story's point is that half a century had passed already since the confirmation of existence of electromagnetic waves as proposed by James Clerk Maxwell. Heinrich Hertz's "Funken-Induktor" (spark inductor) and his "Knochenhauershen Scheiben" (Karl-Wilhelm Knochenhauer's disk-type capacitors) were key to his ability to generate, transmit, and receive EM energy. The work originated from attempts to prove that light was a form of electromagnetic waves...

The Radio Manufacturer Has His Say

The Radio Manufacturer Has His Say, May 1930 Radio-Craft - RF CafeBefore the advent of companies like Sam's Technical Publishing information packets, it was often impossible to obtain schematics and service information from manufacturers unless you were a certified service shop and/or dealership. In response to many inquiries from Radio-Craft magazine's readers, publisher Hugo Gernsback queried the top manufacturers of the day to determine their policies for distributing such data. Unlike the last couple decades, procuring service information on commercial products could be very time consuming, and often resulted in not even obtaining what you needed. Thanks to the Internet being populated with schematics and mechanical drawings for seemingly everything ever made, we no longer need to call or mail order for information needed to repair your radio, television, cellphone, lawn mower, toaster...

Werbel Microwave 30 dB Coupler for 0.5-20 GHz

Werbel Microwave WMC-0.5-20-30dB-S 30 dB Coupler for 0.5 to 20 GHz - RF CafeWerbel Microwave began as a consulting firm, specializing in RF components design, with the ability to rapidly spin low volume prototypes, and has quickly grown into a major designer and manufacturer with volume production capacities. Our WMC-0.5-20-30dB-S is a wideband 30 dB power coupler is a wideband 4-way in-line power splitter covering 500 MHz to 18 GHz with very good return loss, low insertion loss, and high isolation performance. The device covers military bands C through J (upper UHF band, L, S, C, X, Ku, and K bands), delivering much value to the program. No Worries with Werbel!...

The Future of Field Engineering

Future of Field Engineering by Hughes, June 1957 Popular Electronics - RF CafeA lot of the guys I knew from my time in the U.S. Air Force as an Air Traffic Control Radar Repairman (AFCS 303x1) went to work for the government or defense contractors after separation. Many were retirees, so they were (are) collecting military retirement pay on top of really good pay doing field service work. At this point, probably most of those guys are now doubly-retired, and collecting Social Security. They're living pretty well these days, probably with nice homes paid off long ago. 1957, the year this solicitation for field engineers appeared in Popular Electronics magazine, was right at the end of the Korean War, and only a decade after World War II. A lot of new equipment was designed and delivered...

B&K Dyna-Quik Model 650 Vacuum Tube Tester

B&K Dyna-Quik Model 650 Vacuum Tube Tester - RF CafeWhile working as an electronics technician at the Oceanic Division of Westinghouse in Annapolis, MD, in the 1980s, I received a vintage 1941 Crosley model 03CB console style radio for Christmas from Melanie. It was in poor condition, having spent the previous few decades sitting in a barn on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. Due to the era of manufacture, vacuum tubes rather than transistors provided all the necessary amplification. One of the engineers I worked for at Westinghouse (Mr. Jim Wilson, engineer extraordinaire) was a Ham radio operator and had been from boyhood in Pittsburgh, PA. After learning of my Crosley, he gave me his B&K Dyna-Quik Model 650 tube tester for use in restoring the radio. The Model 650 was a rather high-end portable tube...

Blue Ghost Lunar Radio Telescope

Blue Ghost Lunar Radiotelescope - RF Cafe"Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost Mission 2 with the LuSEE-Night radio telescope aboard will attempt to become the third successful mission to land there. The moon's far side is the perfect place for such a telescope. The same RF waves that carried images of Neil Armstrong setting foot on the lunar surface, Roger Waters's voice, and hundreds of Ned Potter's space and science segments for the U.S. broadcast networks CBS and ABC interfere with terrestrial radio telescopes. If your goal is to detect the extremely faint and heavily redshifted signals of neutral hydrogen from the cosmic Dark Ages, you just can't do it from Earth..."

Television Tubes by the Thousands

Television Tubes by the Thousands, December 1947 Radio News - RF CafeIn the early days of television, what we today refer to as cathode ray tubes were called kinescopes. The kinescope on the receiving end displayed images generated by a tube called an iconoscope on the transmission end. Kinescopes had round faces onto which a rectangular picture was electronically drawn. Once manufacturing technology evolved sufficiently, it became possible to make them rectangular in order to save on material and to fit a larger picture in a smaller area. The real story as told in this 1947 Radio News magazine article from my perspective is appreciating the ingenuity of the manufacturing engineers for an ability to develop machines that handle very complex operations. They were wonders of electromechanical manipulation. Oh, and I learned a new word - "lehr"...

Radio Service Data Sheet for the Sparton Model 40

Sparton Model 40 6-Tube T.R.F. Automotive Receiver Radio Service Data Sheet, July 1932 Radio-Craft - RF CafeThis Radio Service Data Sheet for the Sparton Model 40 6-Tube T.R.F. Automotive Receiver is an example of the dozens of similar schematic and alignment instruction sheets that have been posted on RF Cafe over the years. Obtaining technical information on most things, even readily available items, prior to the Internet era was often very difficult - if not impossible. Service centers had what was need provided by manufacturers and distributors, but if you wanted to find a part number or service data on a refrigerator, radio, lawn mower, garage door opener...

The Traveling-Wave Tube

After Class: The Traveling-Wave Tube, June 1957 Popular Electronics - RF CafeHere is a great primer on the operation of traveling wave tubes (TWT). A controversy exists over who first invented the TWT - Bell Telephone Labs' Dr. Rudolf Kompfner, or Andrei Haeff while at the Kellogg Radiation Laboratory at Caltech. Regardless of its provenance, the device was a major advancement in the development of high power microwaves. A TWT amplifies broadband microwaves continuously: an electron gun emits a high-speed beam through a vacuum tube, interacting with the weak input signal propagating along a helical slow-wave structure. The helix slows the signal's phase velocity to sync...

Amateur Radio Crossword Puzzle

Amateur Radio Crossword Puzzle for September 6, 2015 - RF CafeTake a break from workaday drudgery by trying your hand at this week's Amateur Radio crossword puzzle. Every word in the RF Cafe crossword puzzle contains the usual collection of science, math, and engineering terms, and also includes special words related to Amateur Radio (clues labeled with asterisk *). There are no generic backfill words like many other puzzles give you, so you'll never see a clue asking for the name of a movie star or a mountain on the Russia-China border. You might, however, find someone or something in the otherwise excluded list directly related to this puzzle's technology theme, such as Hedy Lamarr or the Bikini Atoll, respectively. Enjoy.

EW Vying for Control of EM Spectrum

Electronic Warfare: Vying for Control of the Electromagnetic Spectrum - RF Cafe"Advanced threats lead to open architecture approaches and new analysis of electronic countermeasures. Over the past decade, preeminent countries involved in major military conflicts mainly focused on asymmetrical warfare - surprise attacks by small groups armed with modern, high-tech weaponry. During that same period, however, near-peer adversaries began attaining impressive electronic warfare (EW) capabilities. As a result, a plethora of new, dynamic threats flooded the EW spectrum, pushing threat detection and analysis to keep pace. Large military forces must now engage in ongoing..."

Electronics-Themed Comics

Electronics-Themed Comics from January 1963 Electronics World - RF CafeHere are a couple more electronics-themed comics from Electronics World magazine, good for winding down the week. They appeared in the January 1963 issue. The page 86 comic reminds me of the professor I had for solid state circuit design. He was supposedly the first person to successfully use gallium arsenide (GaAs) as a semiconductor, although he also did pioneering work with silicon. Anyway, Prof. Anderson would say he takes at least one "business" trip each year to Portugal in order to search for higher quality raw semiconductor material in sand on the beaches. He spoke Portuguese, BTW. The page 89 comic is reminiscent of the pre-GPS days of navigation. Raise you hand if you ever drove around utterly lost while looking for an off-the-beaten-path location...

How Metal Tubes Are Made

How Metal Tubes Are Made, November 1935 Radio-Craft - RF CafeIn the mid 1930s, hand-assembled products were by far the rule rather than the exception for most products be they electronics, furniture, appliances, automobiles, or toys. Many people lament - even curse - the advent of machine automation in production, but the fact is for the vast majority of things the consistency and quality of the finished component is typically much greater. Toiling at the same task, in the same location, day after day, gets unbearable very quickly for someone like me who likes to accomplish a particular job and then move on to something new - even if "new" is defined as the same type of endeavor but with different materials. There are many people, thankfully...

Carl and Jerry: Hello-o-o-o There

Carl and Jerry: Hello-o-o-o There, November 1962 Popular Electronics - RF CafeAt Parvoo University, amid relentless November rain, H-3 dormmates Carl and Jerry pursue H-2's prank: a stolen bronze trophy plaque hurled into a half-mile muddy stretch of river. Cold, turbid waters bar preclude dives for a search; non-magnetic bronze defies current-day metal detectors. Jerry repurposes his cousin's boat depth-finder as an enhanced sonar, exploiting echo signatures. A motor rotates a neon tube across a depth-calibrated dial; at zero, contacts trigger a 200-kc ultrasonic pulse from the transducer in transmit (speaker) mode, flashing initial glow. Bottom echo reflects to transducer in receive (microphone) mode, amplifying...

The New "Mystery Ray"

The New "Mystery Ray", November 1935 Radio-Craft - RF CafeThe announcement and public demonstration of Senatore Guglielmo Marconi's "death ray" device was the coming true of some of the worst fears of science fiction aficionados. Application of these newly created centimeter wave "beams" could roast the flesh of man or beast when generated with great enough power. The diminutive wavelength not only would heat liquids, but also provided a means of detecting and measuring energy reflected off of "targets" such as aircraft and boats. It applications were endless. Although not called so, one of the article's diagrams looks to be an example of a bistatic radar system. The early magnetron implementation is quite different...

FCC Recruiting 7 Field Engineer Agents

FCC Recruiting 7 Field Engineer Agents - RF CafeThe Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is looking for qualified applicants for Field Agents in seven Enforcement Bureau (EB) offices across the United States: Atlanta, GA; Boston, MA; Chicago, IL; Dallas, TX; New Orleans, LA; New York, NY, and Portland, OR. Incumbents will resolve Radio Frequency (RF) interference, educate users, and enforce regulations. The GS levels for this position have been expanded to GS 7, opening the opportunity for new college graduates. One year of work experience is not required for this position. Closing date is March 2, 2026...

Simple Mathematics for the Service Man

Simple Mathematics for the Service Man, October 1930 Radio-Craft - RF CafeIf you are from a family of electronics hobbyists and/or professionals, then there is a good chance your grandfather and possibly even your father kept a handy-dandy list of common circuit design formulas handy. Part 2 of the list appeared here in a 1930 issue of Radio-Craft magazine. All the formulas on this page dealt primarily with vacuum tubes, the schematics for which were presented in Part 1 of the series. There are still lots of hobbyists who restore and/or modify vintage sets, so the equations are still worth publishing. There was not an "app for that" back in those days. Prior to a smartphone in every pocket, notes were pinned to a lab wall or kept in a hand-written notebook...

Men Who Made Radio - Frank Conrad

Men Who Made Radio - Frank Conrad, June 1930 Radio-Craft - RF CafeThe name Frank Conrad probably does not sound familiar to most people in the electronics communications field today, but at one time he was the assistant chief engineer to the Westinghouse Company. Back when voice radio (as opposed to Morse code, aka CW) was being pioneered, Mr. Conrad was widely known for his efforts in commissioning the country's first commercial broadcast installation - KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. His arranging for live coverage of election night results in 1920 is credited for launching a huge interest by consumers in purchasing radio sets for their homes (Warren Harding beat James Cox that night, BTW). Toward the end of his career, Conrad was active in helping develop...

Technical Headlines - RF Cafe

• FCC Gives Amazon OK for 4,500 More Satellites

• China Memory Producers Race to Exploit Shortage

• U.S. Manufacturing Sector Returns to Growth

• ARRL Student Coding Contest $25k Award

• Shielding Electronics Supply Chain from Cyberthreats

• Fund Opens Defence Contracts to UK Startups

Today in Science History - RF Cafe
Homepage Archives - RF Cafe

The RF Cafe Homepage Archive is a comprehensive collection of every item appearing daily on this website since 2008 - and many from earlier years. Many thousands of pages of unique content have been added since then.

Planning to Be an Electronic Engineer?

Planning to Be an Electronic Engineer?, June 1955 Popular Electronics - RF CafeThis article from a 1955 issue of Popular Electronics magazine describes my evolution from electrician to electronics technician to electronics engineer. For that matter, it describes the paths many people I have worked with over the years have taken. My mentor at my first job as an RF engineer after graduating with a BSEE from the University of Vermont began as a technician in the Army, and then he went to school part-time while working a full-time job to earn his BSEE. In my next job as an RF engineer there were at least two guys I knew who had also taken that path. Although not by any means absolute criteria for judging an engineer's enthusiasm, I will say that at least as a distinct segment of RF engineering, those who are amateur radio operators and/or those who began life as a technician...

Wells-Gardner Series 062 Automotive Radio

Wells-Gardner Series 062 Automotive Superheterodyne, October 1932 Radio-Craft - RF CafeThere does not seem to be anything particularly stand-out-ish about the Wells-Gardner Series 062 automotive superheterodyne radio. As was typical of car radios in 1932 when this Radio Service Data Sheet appeared in Radio-Craft magazine, the main electronics was housed in a chassis that got mounted in the trunk or under a seat, and the controls either got mounted in or under the dashboard, connecting tot he electronics via a cable. The "eliminator" option of the "eliminator or battery" label presumably refers to an AC-to-DC power supply that can be used either during maintenance or if the listener chooses to employ the radio in use outside of a vehicle - or else has a very long extension cord ;-) No examples of surviving Wells-Gardner Series 062 automotive radios could be found anywhere online. As with all these radio data service pages, this one is posted for the benefit of both researchers and for restoration types who need troubleshooting and alignment information...

The Magic of Cross-Country Communications

The Magic of Cross-Country Communications, September 1959 Popular Electronics - RF CafeThe area code system was developed by AT&T and Bell Laboratories in the 1940's, and went into effect in 1947. It was called the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) and included the United States and Canada. States and provinces that had a single area code were assigned three digit codes with 0 as the middle number. There were 86 area codes at that time. States and provinces that had more than one area code distributed to them were given three digit codes with 1 as the middle number. The first and third digits were allotted according to population density in the city or region, with the most populated areas getting the lowest numbers. When other countries adopted a similar system a single number prefix, designated the World Zone, was added to the area codes. Since North America was the first to implement the area code system, it received the number 1. That is why North America phone numbers are of the form 1-[3-digit area code]-[7-digit phone number]...

The Ground Plane Grows Up

The Ground Plane Grows Up, May 1954 Radio & Television News - RF CafePrior to the advent of personal computers and handy-dandy antenna design software like EZNEC, determining the effects of varying parameters - element spacing, angles and length, ground plane distance and extent, feedpoint impedance, the presence of conductive structures, etc. - it was necessary to make a series of often complex mathematical calculations and ultimately perform real-world measurement. Huge amounts of time would be invested in the design and verification process. It has been know for a long time that the distance an antenna sits above a ground plane has a significant effect on the radiation pattern - particularly the vertical pattern. The information provided in this 1954 Radio & TV News magazine article undoubtedly required many hours to assimilate and required someone (author William Harrison) with a lot of knowledge in the science/art of antennas. While some empirical testing is still needed for critical applications, in most cases these days the results of computer simulations suffice...

Electronic Crosswords

Electronic Crosswords, May 1961 Electronics World - RF CafeElectronics World magazine often published electronics-themed crossword puzzles. Unlike RF Cafe engineering crosswords I created for two decades that use only technical words and clues, this one does include some unrelated words. A couple clues I was surprised to see pertain to radar; e.g., 32A: Small visible mark on a radar or scope screen, and 44A: Identification Friend or Foe. Some words require a familiarity with technology of the era, but you shouldn't have much trouble. You'll need to print this out on paper to work it...

Flexible Coaxial Cable

Flexible Coaxial Cable, April 1946 QST - RF CafeIf anything qualifies for meeting the criteria of the old adage that says "Necessity is the mother of invention," it is coaxial transmission cable. Wireless communications during World War II was the necessity that drove the rapid development and continuous improvement of coax. Other than materials technology for wire, dielectric, protective jacket, etc., the basics of coax cable have not changed since this article appeared in a 1946 issue of QST magazine. It was during the war that polyethylene was developed and adopted as a dielectric material much superior to previously used copolene. Understanding of how electromagnetic fields propagate within and, under non-ideal conditions - on the outside of the cable has increased significantly thanks for refined theory and high speed computer simulations. RG-58 were early 50 Ω coax types, and RG-59, RG-11, and RG-6 were early 75 Ω coax types that are all still in significant use today...

Carl & Jerry: Elementary Induction

Carl & Jerry: Elementary Induction, June 1963 Popular Electronics - RF CafeWhile a bit far-fetched, this Carl & Jerry saga from the June 1963 issue of Popular Electronics magazine has the two amateur radio hobbyists cum detectives applying their knowledge of standing waves and an invention called SNARE, "Signal Net for Actuating Radio-sensitive Explosives," by Irwin Ehlmann, to thwart an assassination attempt on a visiting foreign dignitary. The name of the patent is actually "Method and apparatus for detonating radio frequency sensitive blasting caps," but the principal is the same. The choice by author John T. Frye of a halo antenna on their mobile shortwave rig was probably no coincidence given the guardian angel role it played in the adventure...

Science Theme Crossword Puzzle for June 20th

Science Theme Crossword Puzzle for June 20th, 2021 - RF CafeThis Science Theme Crossword Puzzle for June 20th has many words and clues related to RF, microwave, and mm-wave engineering, optics, mathematics, chemistry, physics, and other technical subjects. Also, it contains a message for this special day (celebrated in the USA and other countries). As always, this crossword contains no names of politicians, mountain ranges, exotic foods or plants, movie stars, or anything of the sort unless it/he/she is related to this puzzle's technology theme (e.g., Reginald Denny or the Tunguska event in Siberia). The technically inclined cruciverbalists amongst us will appreciate the effort. Enjoy!

Westinghouse Model WR 207 Superheterodyne Radio Service Data Sheet

Westinghouse Model WR 207 5-Tube Dual-Band Superheterodyne Radio Service Data Sheet, December 1936, Radio-Craft - RF CafeFor many years I have been scanning and posting Radio Service Data Sheets for sets like this Westinghouse Model WR 207 & WR 208 5-tube dual-band superheterodyne tabletop radio model. Hundreds of them appeared in magazines like Radio-Craft and Radio News from the 1910's up until around the 1960's. This one appeared in a 1936 issue. There were a couple companies (Sams Photofact, most notably) that sold packages of service data for all new domestic use electronics products, but smaller service shops could not easily afford the subscription cost, and the do-it-yourselfer was out of luck because the manufacturers did not sell such data to non-licensed dealers. Today it is even harder to come by the information. Often, images of these radios can be found on websites like RadioMuseum.org and RadioAttic.com. Another great source is eBay, but usually those are not as photogenic because they are in need of restoration...

Carl & Jerry: He Went That-a-Way!

Carl & Jerry: He Went That-a-Way!, March 1959 Popular Electronics - RF CafeThis might be the first (and only) appearance of Carl's father, at least in a drawing. In this episode, John T. Frye's high-tech teen duo Carl and Jerry design and build a "polecat detector." In the process, a little drama is thrown in when a stander-by mistakenly believes he is being insulted. Even if, in spite of the detailed description by Jerry, you don't learn how a photocell-based threshold crossing circuit works, you might just learn the meaning of 'lugubriously.' Mr. Frye always worked valuable technical information into his stories about "Carl & Jerry," "Mac's Service Shop," and other regular features which appeared in electronics magazines for decades.

Temperature Unit Conversions

Temperature Conversion, November 1965 Electronics World - RF CafeYou've heard of the Fahrenheit, Centigrade (Celsius), Kelvin, and Rankine temperature scales, but what about the Réaumur scale? This 1965 Electronics World magazine article presents all five along with formulas for converting between them. Each temperature scale is named in honor of its creator. Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit came up with his scale where, under standard atmospheric pressure pure water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°. Anders Celsius decided a more sensible temperature scale would place freezing water at 0° and boiling water at 100°. William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin set his scale, which has been adopted as the International System of Units standard, declares 0° to be absolute zero, where no thermal energy is present. William Rankine, of ideal heat engine fame, combined Fahrenheit's scale with Kelvin's absolute zero concept. Lastly, but not leastly, René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur selected the freezing point of water to be 0° and the boiling point to be 80°, primarily to accommodate his preference of alcohol over mercury as a thermometer medium...

Are You a "Television Looker?"

QST Looks at Television - 1944, January 1945 QST - RF CafeDid you know that you are likely a TLV? That's right, a Television Looker. The modern equivalent is CP - Couch Potato. In the early years of television, TLVs were as fascinated with the device itself and the technology as they were with the information being displayed. As this story tells, Hams were involved in TV transmission (ATV) early on. I did not know that amateur television was banned during World War II. During WWII, all amateur radio operations were suspended with the exception of those authorized to continue under the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)...

Build a Steam Powered Ham Rig

Build a Steam Powered Ham Rig, July 1965 Popular Electronics - RF CafeIn today's lingo this project might be considered a cross between the Steampunk and the Maker realms. It is more than just a desktop conversation piece - although it would be a very fitting fixture - in that the "Milliwatter" Morse code transceiver is fully functional, portable (with it's steam engine power source) radio. All the parts needed to build your own model - miniature working steam engine, DC generator (aka a Dc motor), code keyer, and electronic components - are still available. It appears you can build a bare-bones version for under $100, or go all out with vintage-looking components for about $300-$400. If you undertake this project, I'll be glad to post a photo of your masterpiece here...

An Unusual TV Antenna

An Unusual TV Antenna, April 1967 Popular Electronics - RF CafeThis being an April issue of Popular Electronics magazine, I am not sure whether this is an April Fools gag article of the real McCoy. The Iron Curtain was in full force, the Cuban Missile Crisis was a mere five years earlier and the Gary Powers U-2 incident just seven years hence, so anything related to the USSR (aka Soviet Union) was considered mysterious and possibly nefarious. Seeing Ruskie text was a real attention-getter. The article entitled "НЕОБЫЧНАЯ ТЕЛЕВИДЕНИЕ АНТЕННА" reportedly appeared in the April 1966 issue of the Soviet Union's "Radio" magazine (still in print). I did a search for it and could find the March and June 1966 issues, but not April. BTW, if you plug the Russian text into the Duck Duck Go translator, it does indeed come back with "Unusual TV Antenna," just as author Joseph Zelle claimed in 1966. Now, as to whether the article's claim is legit or not, I can't say...

RF & Electronics Stencils for Visio

RF & Electronics stencils for Visio r4 - RF CafeWith more than 1000 custom-built stencils, this has got to be the most comprehensive set of Visio Stencils available for RF, analog, and digital system and schematic drawings! Every stencil symbol has been built to fit proportionally on the included A-, B-, and C-size drawing page templates (or use your own page if preferred). Components are provided for system block diagrams, conceptual drawings, schematics, test equipment, racks, and more. Page templates are provided with a preset scale (changeable) for a good presentation that can incorporate all provided symbols...

Mac's Service Shop: Chisel Blunters

Mac's Service Shop: Chisel Blunters - RF CafeThe dichotomy between the customer who is worried about the service shop owner ripping him off and the service shop owner who is worried about the customer ripping him off is an old one. Given how even normally honest people allow themselves a "white lie" here and there to consummate a business deal or pacify the whims of an acquaintance, it is understandable how such suspicions come to be. In this 1958 issue of Radio & TV News, Mac McGregor and trusty sidekick Barney Jameson discuss how to handle customers who imply the desire for or outright request (even demand) special consideration on repair services and/or replacement parts. The steadfast policy of Mac's Service Shop was "cash-only" - no exceptions. In the days before readily available credit cards and cash advances from ATMs, it was usually up to the business to extend and take the risk for credit. Often collecting on the promised funds consumed significant effort and on occasion resulted in failure...

Sunday 1

Engineering & Technical Headlines Crossword Puzzle for September 1

Engineering & Technical Headlines Crossword Puzzle September 1, 2019 - RF CafeThis RF Cafe Engineering & Technical Headlines Crossword Puzzle contains at least 10 words from headlines posted on the homepage during the week of August 26 through August 30, 2019 (marked with an asterisk*). These custom-made engineering and science-themed crossword puzzles are done weekly for the brain-exercising benefit and pleasure of RF Cafe visitors who are fellow cruciverbalists. Every word and clue - without exception - in these RF Cafe puzzles has been personally entered into a very large database that encompasses engineering, science, physical, astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, etc. Let me know if you would like a custom crossword puzzle built for your company, school, club, etc. (no charge).

Third Eye for Space Explorers

Third Eye for Space Explorers - RF Cafe"This must be the early prototype for Google Glass," was the first thing that came to mind when I saw this story in a 1962 edition of Popular Electronics. It is intended to allow 'future' astronauts to have improved situational awareness by providing means to look behind himself without needing to turn around, and to receive mission data via a miniature CRT embedded within the viewer. Voice communications is featured as well. Hughes Aircraft Company might just want to consider assigning a handful of its highly paid attorneys to look into a patent infringement action based on the original content of its "Electrocular" headset paperwork. A small percentage of any award will be appreciated...

Amplifier Solutions Corporation (ASC) - RF Cafe


Johanson Dielectrics EMI Filters - RF Cafe

RF Electronic Stencils Symbols Visio Shapes Office