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Radar Equation, 2-Way
These are the tried & true radar equations used for decades. Transmitter power, target distance and radar cross-section (RCS) are used along with free-space loss (Friss equation), and antenna gains to calculate the power that arrives at the input of the receiver. These equations cover both monostatic (transmitter and receiver in same location) and bistatic (transmitter and receiver in different locations).Click here for an online calculator.
| Monostatic (Tx and Rx in same location) | |
 |  |
| Bistatic (Tx and Rx in different locations) | |
 |  |
| Keep all units consistent. | |
| Losses due to atmospheric absorption and antenna polarization are not included. | |
| where: | Pr = Received peak power ( W ) |
| Pt = Transmitted peak power ( W ) | |
| Gt = Gain of transmitter antenna ( ratio, not dBi ) | |
| Gr = Gain of receiver antenna ( ratio, not dBi ) | |
| λ = Transmitted wavelength ( m, cm, in, etc. ) | |
| σ = Radar cross-section of target - RCS ( m2, cm2, in2, etc. ) | |
| R = Range ( m, cm, in, etc. ) | |
| RTx = Transmitter range to target ( m, cm, in, etc. ) | |
| RRx = Receiver range from target ( m, cm, in, etc. ) | |
| c = speed of light |
Related Pages on RF Cafe
- Radar Equation, 2-Way (another)
- Radar Equation, 1-Way
- Radar Equation, Bistatic
- Radar Techniques - Primer (1945 QST)
- Radar Postage Stamps
- RF Cafe Quiz #7 - Radar Principles
- AN/MPN-14 USAF Radar Shop
- AN/TPN-19 USAF Radar Shop
- EW/Radar Handbook - Doppler Shift
- Doppler Shift Calculator
- Identification Friend or Foe (IFF)
- Radar Horizon / Line of Sight
- Radar Systems Vendors
- NEETS Radar Principles
- Radar System Vendors
- Radar Design Books
- Radar Design Resources
- Radar Blind Speed Calculator
- Who Invented Radar?
- Simple Modification Increases ATC Reliability
- Radar Equation, 2-Way (another)
- Radar Equation, 1-Way
- Radar Equation, Bistatic
- Radar Techniques - Primer (1945 QST)
- Radar Postage Stamps
- RF Cafe Quiz #7 - Radar Principles
- AN/MPN-14 USAF Radar Shop
- AN/TPN-19 USAF Radar Shop
- EW/Radar Handbook - Doppler Shift
- Doppler Shift Calculator
- Identification Friend or Foe (IFF)
- Radar Horizon / Line of Sight
- Radar Systems Vendors
- NEETS Radar Principles
- Radar System Vendors
- Radar Design Books
- Radar Design Resources
- Radar Blind Speed Calculator
- Who Invented Radar?
- Simple Modification Increases ATC Reliability
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