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Radar Equation, 2-Way

PCB Material World


These are the tried & true radar equations used for decades. Transmitter power, target distance and radar cross-section (RCS) are used along with free-space loss (Friss equation), and antenna gains to calculate the power that arrives at the input of the receiver. These equations cover both monostatic (transmitter and receiver in same location) and bistatic (transmitter and receiver in different locations).

Click here for an online calculator.






Monostatic (Tx and Rx in same location)
Radar equation formula monostatic bistatic - RF CafeRadar equation formula monostatic bistatic - RF Cafe
Bistatic (Tx and Rx in different locations)
Radar equation formula monostatic bistatic - RF CafeRadar equation formula monostatic bistatic - RF Cafe
Keep all units consistent.
 
Losses due to atmospheric absorption and antenna polarization are not included.
where:Pr = Received peak power ( W )
Pt = Transmitted peak power ( W )
Gt = Gain of transmitter antenna ( ratio, not dBi )
Gr = Gain of receiver antenna ( ratio, not dBi )
λ = Transmitted wavelength ( m, cm, in, etc. )
σ = Radar cross-section of target - RCS ( m2, cm2, in2, etc. )
R = Range ( m, cm, in, etc. )
RTx = Transmitter range to target ( m, cm, in, etc. )
RRx = Receiver range from target ( m, cm, in, etc. )
c = speed of light


              Radar Applets:Radar Blind Speed
 Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF)
 Monostatic Radar

Related Pages on RF Cafe
- Radar Equation, 2-Way (another)
- Radar Equation, 1-Way
- Radar Equation, Bistatic
- Radar Techniques - Primer (1945 QST)
- Radar Postage Stamps
- RF Cafe Quiz #7 - Radar Principles
- AN/MPN-14 USAF Radar Shop
- AN/TPN-19 USAF Radar Shop
- EW/Radar Handbook - Doppler Shift
- Doppler Shift Calculator
- Identification Friend or Foe (IFF)
- Radar Horizon / Line of Sight
- Radar Systems Vendors
- NEETS Radar Principles
- Radar System Vendors
- Radar Design Books
- Radar Design Resources
- Radar Blind Speed Calculator
- Who Invented Radar?
- Simple Modification Increases ATC Reliability

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RF Cascade Workbook
 RF Cascade Workbook is a very extensive system cascaded component Excel workbook that includes the standard Gain, NF, IP2, IP3, Psat calculations, input & output VSWR, noise BW, min/max tolerance, DC power cauculations, graphing of all RF parameters, and has a graphical block diagram tool. An extensive User's Guide is also included. - Only $35.
RF system analysis including
frequency conversion & filters

Smith Chart™ for Excel
Smith Chart™ for Visio
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