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| Properties of Solvents Used for Electronics |
A lot of different types of chemicals are used in electronics manufacturing. A few have come and gone due to obsolescence, handling hazards, cost considerations, and ineffectiveness. Others have been around for the 30+ years (and longer) that I have been in the business. Here is a table of properties of some of the commonly used solvents used in the early 21st century. Please let me know if there are others that should be added.
Note that many of the parameters are highly dependent on temperature. The dielectric constant of acetone, for instance varies from 1.0159 @ 32° F, to 20.7 @77° F, and then back down to 17.7 @ 127° F. Consult manufacturer when precise data is needed at specific temperatures and pressures.
- Boiling Point - temperature at which a liquid boils at a fixed pressure
- Flash Point - lowest temperature at which the vapor of a combustible liquid can be made to ignite momentarily in air
- Auto-Ignition Temperature - temperature at which a material (solid, liquid, or gas) will self-ignite and sustain combustion in air without an external spark or flame
- Vapor Pressure - pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its solid or liquid phase
- Specific Gravity - ratio of the mass of a solid or liquid to the mass of an equal volume of distilled water at 4°C (39°F) or of a gas to an equal volume of air or hydrogen under prescribed conditions of temperature and pressure
- Viscosity - property that measures a fluid's resistance to flowing
- Latent Heat of Vaporization - amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid at its boiling point into vapor without an increase in temperature
| Property | Acetone | Ethanol | Isobutanol | Isopropanol
(Alcohol) | n(1)-Propanol | Methanol | sec(2)-Butanol | MEK | | Boiling Point, °C(°F) | 56 (133) | 78 (172) | 107.9 (226) | 82 (180) | 97 (207) | 64 (147) | 99.5 (211) | 80 (176) | | Flash Point, °C(°F) | -9.4 (15) | 14 (57) | 29 (84) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 11 (52) | 23 (73) | -4.0 (25) | | Auto-Ignition Temp, °C(°F) | 603 (1118) | 426 (799) | 440 (824) | 433 (812) | 433 (812) | 470 (878) | | 400 (752) | Vapor Pressure
@ 20 °C(68 °F), kPa | 24.7 | 5.8 | 1.17 | 4.4 | 18.9 | 13.0 | 1.61 | | Specific Gravity
@ 20 °C(68 °F) | 0.790 | 0.795 | 0.803 | 0.787 | 0.815 | 0.792 | 0.808 | 0.805 | Viscosity
@ 20 °C(68 °F), Pa·s·10-4 | 3.04 | 12.2 | 39.0 | 24.0 | 22.6 | 6.25 | 36.5 | | | Molecular Weight | 58.08 | 46.07 | 74.12 | 60.09 | 60.09 | 32.04 | 74.12 | 72.11 | | Latent Heat of Vaporization, kJ/kg | 520 | 880 | 618 | 842 | 945 | 1226 | 605 | | | Relative Evaporation Rate, CCl4=100 | 139 | 31.7 | 11.7 | 28.3 | 21.7 | 58 | 15.0 | | Dielectric Constant
@ 25 °C (77 °F) | 20.7 | 24.3 | | 18.23 | 20.1 | 32.66 | | 18.5 | | Molecular Formula | CH3COCH3 | C2H6O | C4H10O | (CH3)2CHOH | C3H8O | CH3OH | C4H10O | CH3COC2H5 | | | | | | | | | | |
MEK = Methyl Ethel Ketone
Source: Electric Materials Handbook, et al | |
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Kirt
