0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0-0.2 |
Calm |
0/0 |
Flat |
Calm, smoke rises vertically |
1 |
1-3 |
1-6 |
1-3 |
0.3-1.5 |
Light Air |
0.1/0.33 |
Ripples without crests |
Wind motion visible in smoke |
2 |
4-6 |
7-11 |
4-7 |
1.6-3.3 |
Light Breeze |
0.2/0.66 |
Small wavelets, crests of glassy appearance, not breaking |
Wind felt on exposed skin, leaves rustle |
3 |
7-10 |
12-19 |
8-12 |
3.4-5.4 |
Gentle Breeze |
0.6/2 |
Large wavelets, crests begin to break, scattered whitecaps |
Leaves and smaller twigs in constant motion |
4 |
11-16 |
20-29 |
13-18 |
5.5-7.9 |
Moderate Breeze |
1/3.3 |
Small waves |
Dust and loose paper raised. Small branches begin to move. |
5 |
17-21 |
30-39 |
19-24 |
8.0-10.7 |
Fresh Breeze |
2/6.6 |
Moderate (1.2 m) longer waves, some foam and spray |
Smaller trees sway |
6 |
22-27 |
40-50 |
25-31 |
10.8-13.8 |
Strong Breeze |
3/9.9 |
Large waves with foam crests and some spray |
Large branches in motion, whistling heard in overhead wires, umbrella use becomes difficult |
7 |
28-33 |
51-62 |
32-38 |
13.9-17.1 |
Near Gale |
4/13.1 |
Sea heaps up and foam begins to streak |
Whole trees in motion, effort needed to walk against the wind |
8 |
34-40 |
63-75 |
39-46 |
17.2-20.7 |
Gale |
5.5/18 |
Moderately high waves with breaking crests forming spindrift, streaks of foam |
Twigs broken from trees, cars veer on road |
9 |
41-47 |
76-87 |
47-54 |
20.8-24.4 |
Strong Gale |
7/23 |
High waves (2.75 m) with dense foam, wave crests start to roll over, considerable spray |
Light structure damage |
10 |
48-55 |
88-102 |
55-63 |
24.5-28.4 |
Storm |
9/29.5 |
Very high waves, sea surface is white with considerable tumbling, visibility reduced |
Trees uprooted. Considerable structural damage |
11 |
56-63 |
103-117 |
64-72 |
28.5-32.6 |
Violent Storm |
11.5/37.7 |
Exceptionally high waves |
Widespread structural damage |
12 |
>63 |
>117 |
>72 |
>32.7 |
Hurricane |
14+/46+ |
Huge waves, air filled with foam and spray, sea completely white with driving spray, visibility very greatly
reduced |
Massive and widespread damage to structures |