Technology

 GSM

GPRS

EDGE

iDEN

Description

Global System for Mobile Communications

General Packet Radio Services

Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution

Integrated Dispatch Enhanced Network

Geography

Mainly Europe and Asia, some Latin America and North America

An upgrade for GSM networks

An upgrade for HSCSD/GPRS capable GSM networks

North America initially; Korea, China, South America to follow

Introduction

1992

2001

2001-2002

1994

Frequency range

UL = uplink

DL = downlink

GSM 450 band:
450.4-457.6 MHz (UL)
460.4-467.6 MHz (DL)

GSM 480 band:
478.8-486 MHz (UL)
488.8-496 MHz (DL)

GSM 750 band:
777-792 MHz (UL)
747-762 MHz (DL)

GSM 850 band:
824-849 MHz (UL)
869-894 MHz (DL)

Standard GSM 900 band:
890-915 MHz (UL)
935-960 MHz (DL)

Extended GSM 900 band:
880-915 MHz (UL)
925-960 MHz (DL)

Railways GSM 900 band:
876-915 MHz (UL)
921-960 MHz (DL)

DCS 1800 band:
1710-1785 MHz (UL)
1805-1880 MHz (DL)

PCS 1900 band:
1850-1910 MHz (UL)
1930-1990 MHz (DL)

800 MHz band
900 MHz band
1.5 GHz band

Multiple access technology

TDMA

TDMA

TDMA

TDMA

Frequency reuse pattern (cell x sector)

4 x 3

4 x 3

4 x 3 with timeslot clearing as needed

Symbol rate/chip rate

270.833 ksps

270.833 ksps

270.833 ksps

Channel spacing

200 kHz

200 kHz

200 kHz

25 kHz

Modulation
(forward/downlink)

0.3 GMSK (1bit/symbol)

0.3 GMSK (1bit/symbol)

3π/8 rotating 8PSK (3 bits/symbol) plus GMSK

M16-QAM

Modulation
(reverse/uplink)

0.3 GMSK (1bit/symbol)

0.3 GMSK (1bit/symbol)

3π/8 rotating 8PSK (3 bits/symbol) plus GMSK

M16-QAM

Speech CODEC

FR (Full Rate) = RPE-LTP 13 kbps;
EFR (Enhanced Full Rate)= ACELP 12.2 kbps;
HR (Half Rate) = VSELP 5.6 kbps;
or adaptive multi-rate
(AFR and AHR)

Not applicable

Not applicable

VSELP (Vector Sum Excited Linear Predictor)

Modulation filter

0.3 Gaussian

0.3 Gaussian

Linearized Gaussian filter

Source

ETSI/3GPP (GERAN)

ETSI/3GPP (GERAN)

ETSI/3GPP (GERAN)

Motorola

Primary service

High mobility cellular data/voice

High mobility packet data

High/medium mobility packet/circuit data

High mobility data and voice and voice

Maximum data rate

9.6 kbps
(14.4 kbps option)

Depends on coding scheme (CS) and no. of timeslots used (1 up to 8):
CS1: 9.05 kbps per timeslot;
CS2: 13.4 kbps per timeslot;
CS3: 15.6 kbps per timeslot;
CS4: 21.4 kbps per timeslot
(no error correction)

Up to 384 kbps

64 kbps

Packet switched or circuit switched

Circuit switched

Packet switched

Packet switched for EGPRS and circuit switched for HSCSD

Supports both

Comment

EGPRS stands for enhanced GPRS;
HSCSD stands for high speed circuit switched data

Reference web site

www.etsi.org www.3gpp.org

www.etsi.org www.3gpp.org

www.etsi.org www.3gpp.org

idenphones.motorola.com

Technology

W-CDMA (FDD)

TD-SCDMA

TIA/EIA-95A/B

cdma2000 (1xRTT)

1xEV-DO

1xEV-DV

Description

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Frequency Division Duplex

Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access

cdmaOne System

1x Radio Telephone Technology

1x Evolution Data Only (High Rate Packet Data)

1x Evolution Data and Voice

Geography

Korea, Japan, Europe, USA, other Asian countries

China; other countries deploying W-CDMA (TDD)

North America, Korea, other Asian countries

Korea first; USA and Japan later

Korea, USA, Japan

USA, Korea

Introduction

2001 (early trial systems)

2004 or later

1995-19977

2001

2001-2002

2003

Frequency range

UL = uplink

DL = downlink

IMT-2000 band:
1920-1980 MHz (UE)
2110-2170 MHz (BS)

PCS 1900 band:
1850-1910 MHz (UE)
1930-1990 MHz (BS)

DCS 1800 band:
1710-1785 MHz (UE)
1805-1880 MHz (BS)

China: 1785-1805 MHz
1880-1900 MHz
1900-1920 MHz
2010-2025 MHz
2300-2400 MHz

3GPP: 1900-1920 MHz
2010-2015 MHz

GSM 900 band and DCS 1800 band for GSM mode

824-849 MHz
(MS: US, Korea)
869-894 MHz
(BS: US, Korea)
887-925 MHz
(MS: Japan)
832-870 MHz
(BS: Japan)
1850-1910 MHz
(MS: US)
1930-1990 MHz
(BS: US)
1750-1780 MHz
(MS: Korea)
1840-1870 MHz
(BS: Korea)

IS-95 bands plus

NMT-450 band:
411-483 MHz
(MS)
421-493 MHz
(BS)

IS-95 bands plus

NMT-450 band:
411-483 MHz (MS)
421-493 MHz (BS)

IS-95 bands plus

NMT-450 band:
411-483 MHz (MS)
421-493 MHz (BS)

Multiple access technology

CDMA

TDMA/CDMA

CDMA

CDMA

CDMA

CDMA

Frequency reuse pattern
(cell x sector)

1 x 1

1 x 1

1 x 1

1 x 1

1 x 1

1 x 1

Symbol rate/chip rate

3.84 Mcps

1.28 Mcps

1.2288 Mcps

1.2288 Mcps

1.2288 Mcps

1.2288 Mcps

Channel spacing

5 MHz

1.6 MHz

1.23 MHz (US and Korea)
1.25 MHz (other countries)

1.23 MHz (US and Korea)
1.25 MHz (other countries)

1.23 MHz (US and Korea)
1.25 MHz (other countries)

1.23 MHz (US and Korea)
1.25 MHz (other countries)

Modulation
(forward/downlink)

QPSK

QPSK initially, 8PSK later

QPSK (1bit/symbol)

QPSK

QPSK/8PSK/16QAM

QPSK/8PSK/16QAM

Modulation
(reverse/uplink)

HPSK

QPSK initially, 8PSK later

OQPSK (1bit/symbol)

HPSK
dual BPSK (with HPSK scrambling)

HPSK
dual BPSK (with HPSK scrambling)

HPSK
dual BPSK (with HPSK scrambling)

Speech CODEC

AMR (adaptive multi-rate)

China: Full rate, enhanced full rate, or half rate
3GPP: Adaptive multi-rate

8 kbps var rate CELP; or 13 kbps var rate CELP; or 8 kbps var rate EVRC

8 kbps var rate CELP; or 13 kbps var rate CELP; or 8 kbps var rate EVRC

Not applicable

8 kbps var rate CELP; or 13 kbps var rate CELP; or 8 kbps var rate EVRC

Modulation filter

Root raised cosine a = 0.22)

Root raised cosine a = 0.22)

Chebychev low pass (FIR)

Chebychev low pass (FIR)

Chebychev low pass (FIR)

Chebychev low pass (FIR)

Source

3GPP

CWTS (china)/3GPP

TIA/EIA-95-A TIA/EIA-95-B

3GPP2

3GPP2

3GPP2

Primary service

High mobility data and voice

High mobility data and voice

High mobility cellular data and voice

High mobility data and voice

Always on mobile packet data; not real time

High mobility data and voice

Maximum data rate

Up to 384 kbps (up to 2 Mbps indoor)

Up to 384 kbps (phase one);
2 Mbps (phase two)

95-A: 9.6 or 14.4 kbps
95-B: up to 115 kbps

Up to 307.2 kbps

Up to 2.5 Mbps (forward)/307 kbps (reverse)

up to 3.1 Mbps

Packet switched or circuit switched

Support both

Support both

95-A: Circuit switched
95-B: supports both

Support both

Packet switched

Support both

Comment

Capacity about 2 x TIA/EIA-95-B

There are two versions of TD-SCDMA: TSM and LCR. TSM is used in China and is supported by CWTS. LCR is supported by 3GPP.

Capacity about 2 x TIA/EIA-95-B

Capacity 6 to 10 x TIA/EIA-95-B; 3 x cdma2000

cdma2000 Release C

Reference web site

www.3gpp.org

www.cwts.org www.3gpp.org

www.tiaonline.org

www.3gpp2.org

www.3gpp2.org

www.3gpp2.org

Technology

HSDPA

TETRA

Description

High Speed Downlink Packet Access

Terrestrial trunked radio

Geography

Japan initially; Europe, US, and Korea later

all ETSI countries

Introduction

2004

1997

Frequency range

UL = uplink

DL = downlink

IMT-2000 band:
1920-1980 MHz (UE)
2110-2170 MHz (BS)
832-870 MHz (BS: Japan)
PCS 1900 band:
1850-1910 MHz (UE)
1930-1990 MHz (BS)

DCS 1800 band:
1710-1785 MHz (UE)
1805-1880 MHz (BS)

MS
380-390 MHz
410-420 MHz
450-460 MHz
870-915 MHz
BS
390-400 MHz
420-430 MHz
460-470 MHz
GSM 900 band 1710-1785 MHz (UE) 915-950 MHz

Multiple access technology

TDMA/CDMA

TDMA

Frequency reuse pattern
(cell x sector)

Symbol rate/chip rate

3.84 Mcps

18 ksps

Channel spacing

5 MHz

25 kHz

Modulation
(forward/downlink)

QPSK, 16QAM

π/4 DQPSK

Modulation
(reverse/uplink)

QPSK, 16QAM dual BPSK (with HPSK scrambling)

π/4 DQPSK

Speech CODEC

not applicable

ACELP (Algebraic code excited linear prediction)

Modulation filter

Root raised cosine a = 0.22)

root raised cosine (a = 0.35)

Source

3GPP

ETSI

Primary service

high mobility data

Instant communication for PMR (private mobile radio) and PAMR
(public access mobile radio)

Maximum data rate

Up to 10.8 Mbps

28.8 kbps with no protection

Packet switched or circuit switched

Packet

Supports both

Comment

W-CDMA Release 5

Used mostly by public service, health and safety, emergency, and security personnel, construction and transport industries

Reference web site

www.3gpp.org

www.etsi.org www.tetramou.com

Technology

Bluetooth™*

IEEE 802.11b

IEEE 802.11a/g/h/j

IEEE 802.15.3a (UWB)

IEEE 802.16a/e

Description

Wireless Personal Area Network (PAN)

Wireless Local Area Network (LAN)

Wireless Local Area Network (LAN)

Ultra Wideband Personal Area Network (PAN)

Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Geography

Worldwide

Worldwide

Worldwide

Mainly North America and Japan, but worldwide interest

a: Mainly North America and Europe
e: Korea initially

Introduction

2000

1999

2002-2003

2004-2005

a: 2005 e: 2006

Frequency range

UL = uplink

DL = downlink

ISM band:
2.400-2.4835 GHz

ISM band:
2.400 - 2.4835 GHz

g: 2.4-2.4835 GHz [ISM]

a/h/,j:
4.9-5 GHz [Japan]
5.03-5.091 GHz [Japan]
5.15-5.35 GHz [UNII]
5.47-5.725 GHz
5.725-5.825 GHz [ISM, UNII]

North America:
> 500 MHz Bands in the
range 3.1-10.6 GHz

a: 2-11 GHz
e: up to 5GHz

Multiple access technology

TDMA

CSMA-CA

CSMA-CA

CSMA-CA

TDMA

Frequency reuse pattern
(cell x sector)

Not applicable

Installation specific

Installation specific

Installation specific

Not applicable

Symbol rate/chip rate

1 Msps

11Mchips/sec

Depends on format

Channel spacing

1 MHz frequency hopping

North America:
25 MHz (non-overlapping)
10 MHz (overlapping)
Europe:
30 MHz (non-overlapping)
10 MHz (overlapping)

g: 25 MHz
a/h: 20 MHz
j: 20 MHz, 10MHz option

528 MHz or greater

a: 1.25-20 MHz
e: up to 10 MHz

Modulation
(forward/downlink)

GFSK

DBPSK/DQPSK for 1 and 2 Mbps data rates; CCK with DQPSK modulation for 5.5 and 11 Mbps data rates

52 sub-carrier OFDM

Shaped Pulse or Frequency switched OFDM

OFDM with QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

Modulation
(reverse/uplink)

GFSK

DBPSK/DQPSK for 1 and (reverse/uplink) (3 bits/symbol) 8PSK later dual BPSK (with HPSK scrambling) dual BPSK (with HPSK scrambling) dual BPSK (with HPSK scrambling) dual BPSK (with HPSK scrambling) 2 Mbps data rates; CCK with DQPSK modulation for 5.5 and 11 Mbps data rates

52 sub-carrier OFDM

Shaped Pulse or Frequency switched OFDM

OFDM with QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

Speech CODEC

Log PCM or CVSD
continuous variable slope delta)

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

Modulation filter

Bandwidth Time (BT) product = 0.5

Gaussian or vendor specific

Depends on format

Depends on format

Depends on format

Source

Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG)

IEEE

IEEE

IEEE

IEEE

Primary service

Low mobility data and voice

Low mobility data

Low mobility data

Low mobility video and data

a: fixed broadband wireless access, point to point backhaul
e: mobile broadband wireless access

Maximum data rate

1 Mbps raw (future 2-3 Mbps)

11 Mbps raw

54 Mbps

480 kMbps

a: 75 Mbps
e: 30 Mbps

Packet switched or circuit switched

Packet switched or synchronous

Packet switched

Packet

Packet

Packet

Comment

Bluetooth is a trademark owned by Bluetooth SIG Inc., U.S.A. and licensed to Agilent Technologies

Current 802.11 standards share a similar MAC

DFS (dynamic frequency selection) and TPC (transmit power control) needed for operation in parts of 5 GHz band

Reference web site

www.bluetooth.org

www.ieee802.org/11

www.ieee802.org/11

www.ieee802.org/15

www.wirelessman.org