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| Copper Wire Properties & Gauge Conversions |
Values presented here are standards available for many independent publications, but ultimately they all originate from the American Wire Gauge (AWG) system (also aka the Brown and Sharp gauge). It has been in existence since the mid 1800s in the U.S. and Canada.
Note that as wire gauge number is increased the wire diameter decreases. Although it might seem somewhat backward, there is a good reason for it. Originally, it was related to the number of time a wire needed to be drawn through an extraction die in order to achieve the final wire size.
By definition, 36 AWG is 0.0050 inches in diameter, and 0000 is 0.4600 inches in diameter. The ratio of these diameters is 92, and there are 40 gauge sizes from #36 to #0000, or 39 steps. Using this ratio, wire gauge sizes vary geometrically according to the following formula: The diameter of an n AWG wire is:

Accordingly, the ASTM B 258-02 standard defines the ratio between successive sizes to be the 39th root of 92, or approximately 1.1229322.

Stranding designation of a/b means a number of b gauge wires. E.g., 7/44 means 7 strands of 44 AWG solid wire.
See wire gauge conversion chart at bottom of page. Values given at 25 °C.
| AWG | Stranding | Approx. 0.D. | Circular Mil Area | Weight (lbs/1000 ft) | Weight (kg/km) | Resistance (Ω/1000 ft) | Resistance (Ω/km) | | Inches | mm | | 40 | Solid | 0.003145 | 0.07988 | 9.888 | 0.02993 | | | | | 39 | Solid | 0.003531 | 0.08969 | 12.47 | 0.03774 | | | | | 38 | Solid | 0.003965 | 0.1007 | 15.72 | 0.04759 | | | | | 37 | Solid | 0.004453 | 0.1131 | 19.83 | 0.06001 | | | | | 36 | Solid | 0.005000 | 0.1270 | 25.00 | 0.07568 | 0.113 | 445.0 | 1460.0 | | 36 | 7/44 | 0.0060 | 0.152 | 28.0 | 0.085 | 0.126 | 371.0 | 1271.0 | | 35 | Solid | 0.005614 | | 31.52 | 0.09542 | | | | | 34 | Solid | 0.006304 | 0.1601 | 39.75 | 0.1203 | 0.179 | 280.0 | 9180.0 | | 34 | 7/42 | 0.0075 | 0.192 | 43.8 | 0.132 | 0.196 | 237.0 | 777.0 | | 33 | Solid | 0.007080 | 0.1798 | 50.13 | 0.1517 | | | | | 32 | Solid | 0.007950 | 0.2019 | 63.21 | 0.1913 | 0.289 | 174.0 | 571.0 | | 32 | 7/40 | 0.008 | 0.203 | 67.3 | 0.203 | 0.302 | 164.0 | 538.0 | | 32 | 19/44 | 0.009 | 0.229 | 76.0 | 0.230 | 0.342 | 136.0 | 448.0 | | 31 | Solid | 0.007950 | 0.2268 | 79.70 | 0.2413 | | | | | 30 | Solid | 0.01003 | 0.2548 | 100.5 | 0.3042 | 0.45 | 113.0 | 365.0 | | 30 | 7/38 | 0.012 | 0.305 | 112.0 | 0.339 | 0.504 | 103.0 | 339.0 | | 30 | 19/42 | 0.012 | 0.305 | 118.0 | 0.359 | 0.534 | 87.3 | 286.7 | | 29 | Solid | 0.01126 | 0.2860 | 126.7 | 0.3836 | | | | | 28 | Solid | 0.01246 | 0.3211 | 159.8 | 0.4837 | 0.72 | 70.8 | 232.0 | | 28 | 7/36 | 0.015 | 0.381 | 175.0 | 0.529 | 0.787 | 64.9 | 213.0 | | 28 | 19/40 | 0.016 | 0.406 | 182.6 | 0.553 | 0.823 | 56.7 | 186.0 | | 27 | Solid | 0.01419 | 0.3604 | 201.5 | 0.6100 | | | | | 27 | 7/35 | 0.018 | 0.457 | 219.1 | 0.664 | 0.988 | 54.5 | 179.0 | | 26 | Solid | 0.01594 | 0.4049 | 254.1 | 0.7692 | 1.14 | 43.6 | 143.0 | | 26 | 10/36 | 0.021 | 0.533 | 250.0 | 0.757 | 1.13 | 41.5 | 137.0 | | 26 | 19/38 | 0.020 | 0.508 | 304.0 | 0.920 | 1.37 | 34.4 | 113.0 | | 26 | 7/34 | 0.019 | 0.483 | 277.1 | 0.841 | 1.25 | 37.3 | 122.0 | | 25 | Solid | 0.01790 | 0.4547 | 320.4 | 0.9699 | | | | | 24 | Solid | 0.02010 | 0.5105 | 404.0 | 1.223 | 1.82 | 27.3 | 89.4 | | 24 | 7/32 | 0.024 | 0.610 | 448.0 | 1.36 | 2.02 | 23.3 | 76.4 | | 24 | 10/34 | 0.023 | 0.582 | 396.1 | 1.20 | 1.79 | 26.1 | 85.6 | | 24 | 19/36 | 0.024 | 0.610 | 475.0 | 1.43 | 2.13 | 21.1 | 69.2 | | 24 | 41/40 | 0.023 | 0.582 | 384.4 | 1.16 | 1.73 | 25.6 | 84.0 | | 23 | Solid | 0.02257 | 0.5733 | 509.5 | 1.542 | | | | | 22 | Solid | 0.02535 | 0.6439 | 642.4 | 1.945 | 2.91 | 16.8 | 55.3 | | 22 | 7/30 | 0.030 | 0.762 | 700.0 | 2.12 | 3.16 | 14.7 | 48.4 | | 22 | 19/34 | 0.031 | 0.787 | 754.1 | 2.28 | 3.39 | 13.7 | 45.1 | | 22 | 26/36 | 0.030 | 0.762 | 650.0 | 1.97 | 2.93 | 15.9 | 52.3 | | 21 | Solid | 0.02846 | 0.7229 | 810.1 | 2.452 | | | | | 20 | Solid | 0.03196 | 0.8118 | 1022 | 3.092 | 4.61 | 10.5 | 34.6 | | 20 | 7/28 | 0.038 | 0.965 | 1111 | 3.49 | 5.19 | 10.3 | 33.8 | | 20 | 10/30 | 0.035 | 0.889 | 1000 | 3.03 | 4.05 | 10.3 | 33.9 | | 20 | 19/32 | 0.037 | 0.940 | 1216 | 3.70 | 5.48 | 8.6 | 28.3 | | 20 | 26/34 | 0.036 | 0.914 | 1031 | 3.12 | 4.64 | 10.0 | 33.0 | | 20 | 41/36 | 0.036 | 0.914 | 1025 | 3.10 | 4.61 | 10.0 | 32.9 | | 19 | Solid | 0.03589 | 0.9116 | 1288 | 3.899 | | | | | 18 | Solid | 0.0403 | 1.024 | 1624 | 4.917 | 7.32 | 6.6 | 21.8 | | 18 | 7/26 | 0.048 | 1.219 | 1769 | 5.36 | 7.98 | 5.9 | 19.2 | | 18 | 16/30 | 0.047 | 1.194 | 1600 | 4.84 | 7.20 | 8.5 | 21.3 | | 18 | 19/30 | 0.049 | 1.245 | 1900 | 5.75 | 8.56 | 5.5 | 17.9 | | 18 | 41/34 | 0.047 | 1.194 | 1627 | 4.92 | 7.32 | 6.4 | 20.9 | | 18 | 65/36 | 0.047 | 1.194 | 1625 | 4.91 | 7.31 | 6.4 | 21.0 | | 17 | Solid | 0.04526 | 1.150 | 2048 | 6.200 | | | | | 16 | Solid | 0.05082 | 1.291 | 2583 | 7.818 | 11.60 | 4.2 | 13.7 | | 16 | 7/24 | 0.060 | 1.524 | 2828 | 8.56 | 12.74 | 3.7 | 12.0 | | 16 | 65/34 | 0.059 | 1.499 | 2579 | 7.81 | 11.62 | 4.0 | 13.2 | | 16 | 26/30 | 0.059 | 1.499 | 2600 | 7.87 | 11.71 | 4.0 | 13.1 | | 16 | 19/29 | 0.058 | 1.473 | 2426 | 7.35 | 10.94 | 4.3 | 14.0 | | 16 | 105/36 | 0.059 | 1.499 | 2625 | 7.95 | 11.83 | 4.0 | 13.1 | | 15 | Solid | 0.05707 | 1.450 | 3257 | 12.43 | | | | | 14 | Solid | 0.06408 | 1.628 | 4107 | 12.43 | 18.50 | 2.6 | 8.6 | | 14 | 7/22 | 0.073 | 1.854 | 4480 | 13.56 | 20.18 | 2.3 | 7.6 | | 14 | 19/27 | 0.073 | 1.854 | 3830 | 11.59 | 17.25 | 2.7 | 8.9 | | 14 | 41/30 | 0.073 | 1.854 | 4100 | 12.40 | 18.45 | 2.5 | 8.3 | | 14 | 105/34 | 0.073 | 1.854 | 4167 | 12.61 | 18.77 | 2.5 | 8.2 | | 13 | Solid | 0.07196 | 1.828 | 5178 | 15.68 | | | | | 12 | Solid | 0.08081 | 2.053 | 6530 | 19.77 | | | | | 11 | Solid | 0.09074 | 2.305 | 8234 | 24.92 | | | | | 10 | Solid | 0.1019 | 2.588 | 10380 | 31.43 | | | | | 9 | Solid | 0.1144 | 2.906 | 13090 | 39.63 | | | | | 8 | Solid | 0.1285 | 3.264 | 16510 | 49.98 | | | | | 7 | Solid | 0.1443 | 3.665 | 20820 | 63.02 | | | | | 6 | Solid | 0.1620 | 4.115 | 26250 | 79.46 | | | | | 5 | Solid | 0.1819 | 4.620 | 33100 | 100.2 | | | | | 4 | Solid | 0.2043 | 5.189 | 41740 | 126.4 | | | | | 3 | Solid | 0.2294 | 5.827 | 52640 | 159.3 | | | | | 2 | Solid | 0.2576 | 6.543 | 66370 | 200.9 | | | | | 1 | Solid | 0.2893 | 7.348 | 83690 | 253.3 | | | | | 0 | Solid | 0.3249 | 8.252 | 105500 | 319.5 | | | | | 00 | Solid | 0.3648 | 9.266 | 133100 | 402.8 | | | | | 000 | Solid | 0.4096 | 10.40 | 167800 | 507.9 | | | | | 0000 | Solid | 0.4600 | 11.68 | 211600 | 640.5 | | | | Wire Gauge Conversions
All Units Are in Inches | GAUGE # | AWG | W & M | SWG | BWG | U.S. Standard | | 7/0 | 0.6513 | 0.490 | 0.500 | | 0.5000 | | 6/0 | 0.5800 | 0.460 | 0.464 | | 0.4688 | | 5/0 | 0.5165 | 0.430 | 0.432 | | 0.4375 | | 4/0 | 0.4600 | 0.3938 | 0.400 | 0.454 | 0.4063 | | 3/0 | 0.4096 | 0.3625 | 0.372 | 0.425 | 0.3750 | | 2/0 | 0.3648 | 0.3310 | 0.348 | 0.380 | 0.3438 | | 1/0 | 0.3249 | 0.3065 | 0.324 | 0.340 | 0.3125 | | 1 | 0.2893 | 0.2830 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.2813 | | 2 | 0.2576 | 0.2625 | 0.276 | 0.284 | 0.2656 | | 3 | 0.2294 | 0.2437 | 0.252 | 0.259 | 0.2391 | | 4 | 0.2043 | 0.2253 | 0.232 | 0.238 | 0.2242 | | 5 | 0.1819 | 0.2070 | 0.212 | 0.220 | 0.2092 | | 6 | 0.1620 | 0.1920 | 0.192 | 0.203 | 0.1943 | | 7 | 0.1443 | 0.1770 | 0.176 | 0.180 | 0.1793 | | 8 | 0.1285 | 0.1620 | 0.160 | 0.165 | 0.1644 | | 9 | 0.1144 | 0.1483 | 0.144 | 0.148 | 0.1495 | | 10 | 0.1019 | 0.1350 | 0.128 | 0.134 | 0.1345 | | 11 | 0.0907 | 0.1205 | 0.116 | 0.120 | 0.1196 | | 12 | 0.0808 | 0.1055 | 0.104 | 0.109 | 0.1046 | | 13 | 0.0719 | 0.0915 | 0.092 | 0.095 | 0.0897 | | 14 | 0.0641 | 0.0800 | 0.080 | 0.083 | 0.0747 | | 15 | 0.0571 | 0.0720 | 0.072 | 0.072 | 0.0673 | | 16 | 0.0508 | 0.0625 | 0.064 | 0.065 | 0.0598 | | 17 | 0.04526 | 0.054 | 0.056 | 0.058 | 0.0538 | | 18 | 0.04030 | 0.0475 | 0.048 | 0.049 | 0.0478 | | 19 | 0.03589 | 0.0410 | 0.040 | 0.042 | 0.0418 | | 20 | 0.03196 | 0.0348 | 0.036 | 0.035 | 0.0359 | | 21 | 0.02846 | 0.03175 | 0.032 | 0.032 | 0.0329 | | 22 | 0.02535 | 0.0286 | 0.028 | 0.028 | 0.0299 | | 23 | 0.02257 | 0.0258 | 0.024 | 0.025 | 0.0269 | | 24 | 0.02010 | 0.0230 | 0.022 | 0.022 | 0.0239 | | 25 | 0.01790 | 0.0204 | 0.020 | 0.020 | 0.0209 | | 26 | 0.01594 | 0.0181 | 0.018 | 0.018 | 0.0179 | | 27 | 0.01420 | 0.0173 | 0.0164 | 0.016 | 0.0164 | | 28 | 0.01264 | 0.0162 | 0.0148 | 0.014 | 0.0149 | | 29 | 0.01126 | 0.0150 | 0.0136 | 0.013 | 0.0135 | | 30 | 0.0103 | 0.014 | 0.0124 | 0.012 | 0.0120 | | 31 | 0.00893 | 0.0132 | 0.0116 | 0.010 | 0.0109 | | 32 | 0.00795 | 0.0128 | 0.0108 | 0.009 | 0.0102 | | 33 | 0.00708 | 0.0118 | 0.0100 | 0.008 | 0.0094 | | 34 | 0.00630 | 0.0104 | 0.0092 | 0.007 | 0.0086 | | 35 | 0.00561 | 0.0095 | 0.0084 | 0.005 | 0.0078 | | 36 | 0.00500 | 0.0090 | 0.0076 | 0.004 | 0.0070 | | 37 | 0.00445 | 0.0085 | 0.0068 | | | | 38 | 0.00396 | 0.0080 | 0.0060 | | | | 39 | 0.00353 | 0.0075 | 0.0052 | | | | 40 | 0.00314 | 0.007 | 0.0048 | | | | 41 | 0.00279 | 0.0066 | 0.0044 | | | | 42 | 0.00249 | 0.0062 | 0.0040 | | | | 43 | 0.00221 | 0.0060 | 0.0036 | | | | 44 | 0.00198 | 0.0058 | 0.0032 | | | | 45 | 0.00176 | 0.0055 | 0.0028 | | | | 46 | 0.00157 | 0.0052 | 0.0024 | | | | 47 | 0.00140 | 0.0050 | 0.0016 | | | | 48 | 0.00124 | 0.0048 | 0.0012 | | | | 49 | 0.00111 | 0.0046 | 0.0010 | | | | 50 | 0.00099 | 0.0044 | | | | | 51 | 0.00088 | | | | | | 52 | 0.00078 | | | | | | 53 | 0.00070 | | | | | | 54 | 0.00060 | | | | | | 55 | 0.00050 | | | | | | 56 | 0.00040 | | | | | - AWG = American Wire Gauge (Brown & Sharpe)
- W & M = Washburn & Moen (steel wire gauge)
- SWG = Imperial Standard Wire Gauge
- BWG = Birmingham or Stubs Wire Gauge
- US Standard = United States Standard (Revised)
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