1618: Johann Kepler formulated his Third Law of Planetary Motion. 1854: U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry made his second landing in Japan, and within a month had concluded a treaty with the Japanese. 1862: The Confederate ironclad "Merrimack" was launched. 1879: Otto Hahn, co-discoverer of nuclear fission, was born. 1917: Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin, of airship fame, died. 1946: Frederick Lanchester, automobile and aeronautics pioneer who built the first British petrol automobile, died. 1965: The United States landed about 3,500 Marines in South Vietnam - the first of many. 1974: The newly renamed Charles de Gaulle International Airport began service. 1979: Volcanoes on Io were discovered by Voyager 1. 1983: President Ronald Reagan made his famous "Evil Empire" speech.